High Rate Of Population Growth Children And Young People Essay Essays

High Rate Of Population Growth Children And Young People Essay Essays High Rate Of Population Growth Children And Young People Essay Essay High Rate Of Population Growth Children And Young People Essay Essay Issues confronting kids in Pakistan, A Pakistans maternal mortality ratio is estimated to be between 350 and 600 per 100,000 unrecorded births as compared to 17 per 100,000 unrecorded births in the United States. One in 10 kids does non last their 5th birthday with the bulk of deceases due to diarrhoea, pneumonia or vaccine-preventable diseases. Thirty per cent of kids are inveterate malnourished and lack safe H2O and family sanitation, particularly in rural areas.A Pakistan spends less than 2.5 per cent of its GDP on the instruction sector.A A Just over half of the 19 million kids of primary school traveling age are enrolled in primary instruction. Compared to 58 per cent of male childs, there are 48 per cent of misss enrolled in primary school.A Just over a 3rd of Pakistani adult females are literate.A An estimated 3.6 million kids under the age of 14 plants, largely in exploitatory and risky labor.A The 2005 temblor destroyed about 8,000 schools, 4,000 H2O strategies and about 80 per cent of wellness centres. ( unicef ) An appraisal of the grade of kid labour in Pakistan is hard to happen due to several restrictions of basic deficiency of informations. The last information was conducted in 1996 by the authorities of Pakistan. The study estimates 3.3 million of the 40 million kids were found to be economically making work on lasting footing. In entire 3.3 million kid labour, 2.4 million ( 73 per centum ) were male childs and 0.9 million ( 27 per centum ) were misss. Harmonizing to the study it was besides found that out of entire labour 7 per centum labour are child labours. Harmonizing to the above study, over 21 million kid labourers between the age of 10 and 14 old ages are working in the state. Out of which 27 per cent are misss and 73 per cents are male childs. ( Ghani, 2011 ) Child Labor in Selected Industries and Sectors Consecutive No Child labour Name Of Survey Year Geographical Region/Area Number of Child work force Child Labor as % of entire work force 1 Football fabrication industry 1996 Sialkot 7000 17 % 2 Surgical instruments fabricating industry 1996 Sialkot 7700 31 % 3 Brick kiln fabrication 1998 Sialkot 2740 16 % 4 Auto-workshops 1998 Sialkot 5221 60 % 5 steel furnaces and trim parts fabricating trim industry in Baghbanpura country of Lahore 1998 Lahore 123 27 % 6 Itanneries 1998 Kasur 167 7 % 7 Auto workshops 1999 Lahore 3378 18 % 8 Light Engineering Industry 1999 Gujranwala 4531 17 % 9 Childs of Textile Paradise- Power loom 1999 Lyallpur 2100 5 % Chapter # 4 DATA ANALYSIS Statement of the Problem ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Aims of Study This research is conducted to look into the jobs of child labour. In peculiar the aims behind this research survey are ; To analyze the impact of poorness on child labour. To analyze the impact of literacy on child labour. To analyze the impact of rising prices on kid labour. Research Method This survey is secondary research. This information is collected through cyberspace and books. This information was analyzed by utilizing pie and column charts in Microsoft Excel. Hypothesis The survey would be based on following hypothesis ; these hypothesis have been develop after reexamining the relevant literature To analyse the consequence of poorness on kid labour H1: Consequence of poorness on kid labour is important H1o: Consequence of poorness on kid labour is non-significant To analyse the consequence of rising prices on kid labour H2: Consequence of rising prices on kid labour is important Water: Consequence of rising prices on kid labour is non-significant To analyse the consequence of literacy on kid labour H3: Consequence of literacy on child labour is important H3o: Consequence of rising prices on kid labour is non-significant Entire kid labour in universe 250 Million Male childs 140 Million Girls 110 Million Entire kid labour in universe 250 Million Full clip working kid labour 120 Million Entire labour in Pakistan 2011 55,770,000 Entire kid labour in Pakistan 2011 21,000,000 ( htt23 ) Child Labor in Pakistan State Entire No. of kids age 5-14 old ages ( 1000000s ) Entire No. of Economically Active Children age 5-14 old ages ( 1000000s ) Ratio Of Child Labor Punjab 22.63 1.94 8.6 % Sindh 8.62 0.30 3.5 % NWFP 6.71 1.06 15.8 % Baluchistan 2.07 0.01 0.5 % Sum in Pakistan 40.03 3.31 8.3 % ( PCLU ) Analysis: Entire figure of child labour in Pakistan are 40.03 out of which Punjab has the higher figure of child labour by 22.63 million and Baluchistan has the lower sum of kid labour that is 2.07 million as shown above in the graph. Analysis This graph shows the figure of child labour who is economically active between the ages of 5-15. As shown above Analysis NWFP has the highest ratio of child labour in Pakistan that is 15.8 % and the lowest ratio of child labour in Pakistan is in Baluchistan by 0.5 % . Entire ratio of child labour in Pakistan is 8.3 % . Research Instrument ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Data Analysis and Results Poverty ( % ) Year Child labour % ( Y ) Poverty % ( X1 ) 2007 12.5 4.89 2008 13.1 5.57 2009 12.6 7.46 2010 11.8 7.57 2011 12.5 6.37 Poverty ( % ) Analysis In 2007 the consequence of poorness on kid labour is 12.5 % and continuously the ratio of child labour is affected due to the addition in ratio of poorness. In 2008 the ratio of child labour increased. In 2009, 2010 the ratio of poorness addition but the child labour deceased in lower ratio and in 2011 ratio of kid labour once more increased by 12.5 % . Inflation ( % ) Year Child labour % ( Y ) Inflation rate % ( X2 ) 2007 12.5 7.6 2008 13.1 20.8 2009 12.6 13.6 2010 11.8 13.4 2011 12.5 11.9 ( Economic Survey Pakistan ) Inflation ( % ) Analysis In 2007 the ratio of rising prices is 7.6 while the ratio of child labour is 12.5 % , which mean kid labour is affected by rising prices, same in 2008. But in 2009 rising prices ratio addition in high ratio but kid labour besides addition but in little ratio. In 2010 once more ratio of rising prices deaths so the ratio of rising prices and kid labour is parallel and in 2011 both ratio addition. Literacy ( % ) Year Child labour % ( Y ) Literacy rate % ( X3 ) 2007 12.5 56 2008 13.1 50 2009 12.6 54.9 2010 11.8 58 2011 12.5 54.7 ( replies ) , ( htt19 ) , ( Answers ) , ( htt21 ) , ( Wastic, 2010-2011 ) , ( htt22 ) Literacy ( % ) Analysis In 2007 the literacy ratio is really high but graph show that is low consequence of literacy on child labour. The literacy ratios and child labour ratio are altering in all old ages. Chapter # 5 Decision The intent of this survey was to Research on kid labour concluded that it is a particular economic and societal issue that needs planetary attending for the development of the kid to cut down the strength of kid labour Strict punishments and all right must be charged who violates the Torahs of kid labour. Media should to hold to play a important function to make consciousness among the people to blockade the kid labor.A Decision is type qi U can give terminal chief: 1. ) The kids are working as a labor in school traveling age for the endurance of there households and to full make full the basic necessities. 2. ) Peoples do nt cognize the importance of instruction. That s why most of kids remain illiterate. 3. ) It is non merely duty of authorities we are besides responsible for that. Index Laws prohibit the employment of kids in Pakistan before we talk about labor Torahs, allow s first have a expression at the constitutional commissariats refering to child labor. aˆ? Article 3: the province shall guarantee the riddance of all signifiers of development and the gradual fulfilment of cardinal rule, from each harmonizing to his ability and to each harmonizing to his work. aˆ? Article 11 ( 3 ) : No kid below the age of 14 old ages shall be engaged in any mill or mine or any other risky employment. aˆ? Article 25 ( A ) : The province shall supply free and mandatory instruction to all kids of the age of five to sixteen old ages in such mode as determined by jurisprudence. aˆ? Article 37 ( vitamin E ) : The province shall do proviso for procuring merely and humanist conditions of work, guaranting that adult females and kids are non employed in holidaies unsuited to their age or sex, and for pregnancy benefits for adult females in employment. Following instruments of statute law trade entirely with the topic of kid labor. AÂ · The Employment of Children Act 1991 AÂ · The Employment of Children Rules 1995 Other than these two, there are other Torahs as good which trade with the employment of kids and modulate the on the job conditions for employed kid workers. aˆ? Mines Act, 1923 aˆ? The Children ( Pledging of Labor ) Act, 1933 aˆ? The Factories Act, 1934 aˆ? The Road Transport Workers Ordinance, 1961 aˆ? Shops and Establishments Ordinance, 1969 aˆ? Merchant Shipping Ordinance, 2001 ( Paycheck.pk, 2012 )

Educational policy reform Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Educational policy reform - Assignment Example This education policies undermined women contrary to their belief of upholding respect for women. Reforms made on the education sector has seen women education being overseen by the ministry of education and the educational policies support educational equality in opportunities for both women and men. The ministry is also sending women to further their education abroad which has resulted in increased number of Saudi women in leadership. This article explores the transition of women education form traditional to current reforms which promote education for women and the significant achievements this has had on the society in general (Amani, 2005). This issue contrast and compares to the educational situation in New Jersey which is my immediate environment. New Jersey has not experienced the extreme cases of discrimination against the education of women. The educational reform policies maintain that all the students should have equal access to educational facilities and resources and also provide suitable services and instruction to English Language Learners. This is provided for by the Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 (EEOA). To be EEOA compliance, educational institutions are required to provide adequate and timely evaluation of the learning outcomes of all English Language Learners, provide quality instruction and services and observing and recording of their academic improvement. However, a review was done on a section of the Bound Brook New Jersey School District which indicated that there were several concerns regarding integration of the English Language Learners into the schools mainstream as thus they were discriminated on the compliance issue above. While there are cases of racial segregation, there has not been any reported cases of gender segregation. In the US, the education policy had been distributive at their inception where the teachers and educational institutions were

Paper subject ( Management financial resource ) Essay

Paper subject ( Management financial resource ) - Essay Example The mental health care, among adults, is provided on the basis of the community based hospital, independent supported living and adult residential care homes (CareTech, 2014). The young people residential services are directed towards children; this segment is associated with various facilities that are associated with facilitating the learning of children, as well as managing their behaviors. Fourthly, the company offers the foster care services; this segment ensures that children are assessed in their homes. This foster care segment is related to the provision of special services to children with disabilities. While offering these services, the management understands that a prudent financial management can help the company to perform effectively in its area of operation (CareTech, 2014). In this respect, this paper is focused on assessing the financial management of the health and social care organization; the paper will pay attention to the operations of CareTech PLC. Among the financial aspects that would be discussed include the principles of costing and business control systems. Considering that CareTech PLC is a firm that focused on offering health and social care services, it is critical for the firm to use the absorption costing method. The absorption costing method ensures that various costs are expensed to a given product or service. This method is effective as far as the external reporting is concerned (Fukui, Yoshiuchi and Ikezaki, 2014). The method ensures that both direct and indirect costs are effectively expensed to a given service or product. The absorption cost would be efficient in determining the costs that are required to be met by CareTech PLC in various segments in order to continue offering its services to diverse clients. Generally, the direct and indirect costs are assigned to different the end product or service that is provided to a customer. The absorption costing has remained a key principle of costing

Elderly Care Comparative Study | Research Methodology

Elderly Care Comparative Study | Research Methodology A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ELDERLY CARE AMONG HINDUS AND MUSLIMS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF ALIGARH DISTRICT A comparative study of elderly care among major religious community of Aligarh district Introduction: Since time immemorial, across the world history, care affairs of the elderly were totally family concerns, carried out mostly at home by women and elder themselves (Bookman Kimbrel, 2011). In the twenty first century the needs, rights, concerns and problems of elderly persons are getting more attention of people from different walks of life i.e. social scientists, statesmen, administrators and social workers etc. Aging is neither a new phenomena nor a kind of ailment rather it’s a latter part of life cycle, considered one among the most challenging phenomena around the world- irrespective of developed and developing country as well. In, India, family based care of elderly is fastest growing concern for the big chunk of elderly population, about hundred million. This study seeks to highlight the existing pattern of care affairs of elderly in the informal setting, and interaction between elders and cares in the family. Here, more emphasis has given to peep into the nuts bolts of care relations among elderly and their family members. Research problems In the last couple of decades, innovation of wide range life saving drug, its availability and accessibility to common man have improved health of elderly, consequently the raised the life span of people worldwide and in India too, in contrast to previous normal age. That demanding lot of care and support for them includes medical, financial, psycho-social, spiritual and religious care. Now India is the home of about100 million people, taking care of elderly is of course a serious affair, can’t be left as it is going on. In due course of time, by the introduction of industrialization, urbanization and modernization in India, living style has drastically changed, where institution of joint family transformed into nuclear family. The industrial revolution not just change the people living standers, rather it’s too altered the age stratification resulting, lessen the power, prestige and importance of elderly people in society, finally, the elderly turn into social elite to social problems (macionics,2013). Because, the paradox, whether the responsibility of elderly care is a family matter or of government, becoming a matter of concern in India. Literature review Significance of study From the prehistoric time, India has been a country of care, love, affection, companionship and intimacy, where elder’s status remained matter of high consideration and elders considered as nucleus of power. Till the pre-independence era, most of the families were living jointly and agriculture was the major source of income and elders were the headed the family. But, after the industrialization, urbanization and modernization, joint family turned into nuclear family. Now, their position is no more, some time their status worst to social problems. Elderly people above the age of 60, have less resources, income and high life expectancies, require more, need, concerns and cares. Objectives of the study To undertake a socio-economic, and situational analysis of the condition of the elderly people in the family. To comprehend the pattern of family based elderly care practices in terms of various parameters such as religion, area (Rural-Urban), class and gender etc. To develop an extensive list of needs and difficulties as faced by elders in the family. To decipher psycho-social and emotional conditions of elderly people and associates factors. To identify the influence of religion and religiosity on care of elderly. To critically assess the changing value systems and social institutions that impinges upon the care and social support system with reference to the elderly. To study the level of awareness among the elderly as regards policies, programmes and legislatives provisions safeguards in India. Key Words: elderly, elderly care, family based care practice, religion and religiosity Conceptual framework Research questions This study will focus on the comparison care concerns and status of elderly care in the family among Hindus and Muslims in different settings i.e. rural and urban area. Further will seek to answer the following important questions concerning family based Elderly Care. What are the existing system and patterns of elderly care in the family? What are the dimensions and the level of care provided by the family members? Who is the responsible person for the care of elderly in the family? What is the quality of the elderly care in the family settings? What are the major day to day challenges of elderly care in the family? What is the impact of structural changes in the family on elderly care? What are the sources of livelihood of elderly people? What is the attitude of elders toward the care provided by family members? What is the level of satisfaction among elderly about their care? What are the role of religion and religiosity on care relation and care of elderly in the family? What are the differences and similarities in the family based elderly care among Hindus and Muslims in rural areas. Research Methodology Scope of the study This study will focus to study the day to day pattern of care relation and care of elderly and most possible issues and challenges, encountering elderly people within the family. This study will explore the level of differences and similarities of elderly care, among Hindus and Muslims family on the one hand and rural and urban on the other hand. Universe and Sample The study will be conducted in the selected rural and urban areas of Utter Pradesh, particularly in Aligarh District. The basic respondent of the study will be elderly people (60 or more age) and their potential caregiver in the family. Sampling Frame First of all, willing elderly people for being respondent for the purpose of study will be enlisted, respective to their economic classes, religion and sex, would be helpful to have proper result of the study. Sampling Method Sample Design As elderly care is personal and sensitive issue the sample would be selected on the basis of purposive sampling stratification of the universe will be on the basis of religion (Hindu Muslim), areas (rural urban) economic class (upper, middle and lower), and sex. SAMPLE DESIGN Tools and techniques for the data collection This study would be based on qualitative as well as quantitative data. Therefore mixed approach will be adopted, includes survey research for quantitative data to have empirical analysis and qualitative methods i.e. interview schedule and case study method will be used to comprehend a comprehensive and wider description to fill the gap of quantitative data. Through, direct observation and in-depth interview of elders, issues and concerns of their care in the family would be more elaborated and will cover all aspect of their care life, includes, their living arrangement, relationship with family members, in the family References Bookman, A. Kimbrel, D. (2011) Families and elder care in the twenty-first century. Princeton University, 21 (2), 117-140. Macionics, J.J. (2013) Social problems. New Jersey: Pearson publication.

Plea-Bargains: Currency of the Courts An Examination of the Effectivene

â€Å"Rahim Jaffer case heads for plea-bargain†; former Alberta MP Rahim Jaffer was being charged on cocaine possession and drunk-driving charges; his case was likely to be resolved with a plea-bargain agreement (Makin, 2010). This is but one case of many that are settled though a plea-bargain agreement. Plea-bargaining can take the form of a sentence reduction, a withdrawal or stay of other charges, or, a promise not proceed on other charges, in exchange for a guilty plea by an accused. During discussion of a potential plea bargain agreement, the Crown Attorney and defence lawyer will look at 4 distinct sections of a plea negotiation: charge discussions, sentence discussions, procedural discussions, and agreements as to the facts of the offence and the narrowing of issues in order to expedite the trial ("Plea bargaining," 2011). According to the Department of Justice, approximately 90% of criminal cases are resolved each year by use of plea-bargaining (â€Å"Findlaw,† 2012). Despite what appears on its face to be rampant use of the plea agreement, plea negotiations are incredibly helpful to our court system. First, plea agreements serve to diminish the overload of cases and avoid lengthy trials, thus avoiding appeals of trial decisions and allowing greater access to the justice system. In turn, a less burdened court system can focus its efforts on the most serious of criminal offences thereby ensuring that such cases are handled in the manner with the greatest likelihood of securing a conviction. Overall, this judicial efficiency results in a cost savings and better allocation of resources. This paper will explore these two main benefits and also discuss potential criticisms of the plea bargain system. Plea-Bargaining has become... ..., 2012, from http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/pi/icg-gci/pb4-rpc4.html Plea bargaining. (2011, February 28). Retrieved from http://www.victimsofviolence.on.ca/rev2/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=378&Itemid=197 Plea bargaining in canada. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/pi/rs/rep-rap/2002/rr02_5/p3.html Romaniuk, T. (n.d.). Centre for Constitutional Studies - R. v. Askov.Faculty of Law Home - University of Alberta. Retrieved April 19, 2012, from http://www.law.ualberta.ca/centres/ccs/rulings/Ask Tappscott. (2012). street directory. Retrieved from http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/14026/legal_matters/plea_bargaining_pros_and_cons.html Young, R. (2011, November 16). Cutbacks have some courts dismissing criminal cases. Here & Noe. Retrieved April 19, 2012, from http://www.hereandnow.wbur.org/2011/11/16/budget-cuts-court

Defining Humanities Essay

Humanities are fundamental to grasp an understanding of what has transpired in the past and what will construct for the future. To differentiate between the humanities and other modes of human inquiries and expressions, the definition of humanities must be defined and will be explained in this paper along with a personal cultural event experienced. The reader should depart with an understanding of what humanities entails and how it differs. Humanities Humanities are constantly tested with a range of societal changes today. According to the Humanities Association (2009), â€Å"humanities is about people; how people create the world they live in; how the world they live in makes them the people they are† (para. 2). Humanities express the concern in human life and illustrate how it relates to its historic times. Distinguishing the humanities from other modes of human inquiry and expression shares a comprehensive appreciation of the human form, whether it is the study of art, music, architecture, philosophy, literature, or any other individual venture. Other modes of human inquiries are about studying non-human objects. It differs from others that exercise a pragmatic approach. In other words, expressions with humanistic senses are supported and can be observed. Cultural Events Collectively, humanities are about the human race and how people have survived over time through political, socioeconomics, and technological changes. Culture is a dominant individual tool for survival, but it is also a delicate observable fact. It is consistently evolving and easily displaced because it exists only in our minds. Last year, the author of this paper had the pleasure of attending the Texas Renaissance Festival in Plantersville, TX. The festival is one of the nation’s largest, most recognized Renaissance fair where the things to see, sounds, tastes, and exquisiteness of the 16th Century come alive every weekend for eight weeks. The fair displays several forms of expressions in art, theater, dance, music, and literature. There are also themed weekend which allows a brief glimpse into the world during a particular era. The Texas Renaissance festival is an expression of how certain aspects of life were dealt with in past centuries. It gives an all access weekend into the life of traditional living, coupled with food and replica artifacts for sell during the focused period. It started showcasing in 1974 and today features over 500 costumed performers and 15 performance stages. The music played around the fair emphasizes emotions and projects individual experiences into rhythmic words. For example, during the Roman Bacchanal themed weekend, it features entertainment that includes the sounds of ancient Rome. All music is forms of an â€Å"art form† and is only an outline of expression. Contrary to what music was like centuries ago, the direction it has taken now takes on a whole new meaning. There are different genres such as rock, pop, classical, jazz, opera, or hip-hop. They are released to society in the variety of ways such as compact discs, digitized musical downloads, or in person concerts. Some individuals of society believes music is controlling and manipulating; however, some individuals beg to differ denoting it has positive socioeconomically results and is art. The works of literature displayed at the fair is impeccable. It is in the form of imaginative works including short stories, poems, or plays, which are performed on stages around the fair grounds. Words in humanities can be written to describe the story of past events. Conclusion The study of humanities used to figure out the differing explanations of being existence and the past. Today’s civilization would be gone astray without the learning and use of humanities. If humanities did not exist, society and future generations would not understand how some wants and necessities happened such as cars, phones, electricity, television, sports, the White House, etc. Understanding how current developments reflect on humanities is important because it generalizes dependent and independent variables people speculated as causes to his or his background. The cultural event experienced revolutionized the insight of past centuries. Humanities and cultural familiarities allow people to become in synch with today’s world of fast-paced assimilated awareness.

The Store H M Might Ring A Bell - 2440 Words

Erling Persson, a name that we don’t hear everyday, but in the fashion industry, he is well known. If you don’t recognize his name, the store HM might ring a bell. Erling Persson was born on January 21, 1917. He originally lived in a small town by the name of Borlange, in central Sweden. Later on in his childhood, he and his family moved to Stockholm in which is the capital of Sweden. He started out as a novelty salesman, and was inspired to open his first fashion store in 1947 after a trip to New York, where he had been impressed by efficient high-volume stores such as Macy s and Barney s. â€Å"Persson had little interest in fashion, but he understood modern retailing. The company s key selling points were cutting-edge fashions and†¦show more content†¦HM’s fashion oracle and head designer answers the question on how the company could possibly keep up with all of the trends around the world; â€Å"What comprises of this fashionable A-team you ask? We ll, its designers come from all over the globe; From Holland, South Africa to Japan. The entire team works from HM s design center in Stockholm, popularly known as the white room. It does not stop there however. The team works closely with a mind-boggling number of services to produce its range of apparel - 60 pattern makers, 700 suppliers and 20 worldwide production centers to be exact,† quoted from Clara Lu. â€Å"Although HM’s core operation relies on its designers, creative directors, and pattern makers to stay on top of the latest trends, it also uses the services of fashion trend forecast companies such as Worth Global Styles Network (WGSN). As a fast-moving retailer, it takes on an innovative direction in determining consumer interests through both traditional analysis and experimental augmented-reality technologies,† Continued from Lu. If that’s not enough, on HM’s webXsite, they have sections just for fashion trends, and articles of weekly fashion finds! The company focuses on street fashion, haute couture, trends from the 50s and clean lines from the 60s. They do this not just because they are on trend, but because they actually listen to what their customers